Analiżi dwar l-Istatus ta 'l-Iżvilupp ta' Batteriji tal-Lithium Power ta 'Enerġija Ġdida u Kostruzzjoni ta' Infrastruttura fiċ-Ċina
In recent years, China's new energy vehicle industry has developed rapidly. In 2017, my country's new energy vehicle production and sales exceeded 700,000, and the number of new energy vehicles has exceeded 1.8 million. In recent years, the production and sales are expected to reach 1 million. my country's electric vehicle-related technologies and supporting infrastructure construction have also achieved certain development, which is embodied in battery, power consumption, charging and other aspects.
It-teknoloġija tal-batterija tal-enerġija qed tiżviluppa malajr, u se tagħti bidu għall-fażi ta 'eliminazzjoni jew għaqdiet u akkwisti fil-futur
my country's electric vehicle power battery technology routes are divided into two types: lithium batteries and fuel cells. At present, lithium batteries are the main ones in China. Compared with foreign countries, the technical level of domestically developed lithium-ion battery cells is basically the same as that of foreign countries. my country's power battery shipments have already ranked among the international leaders, whether it is cathode materials, lithium iron phosphate, ternary, high electric manganese. and other materials are in an advantageous position.
Id-dejta turi li mill-2014 sal-2017, il-provvista totali ta 'batteriji tal-enerġija f'pajjiżi żdiedet b'mod stabbli, minn 3.64 biljun WH għal 37.06 biljun WH, u kisbet żieda relattivament kbira, prinċipalment minħabba l-manifatturi tal-batteriji tal-enerġija. żieda fin-numru.
In terms of policy support, relevant state departments have also shown great importance to the development of the power battery field, covering power battery industry specifications, power battery industry development, power battery standards, power battery recycling and other aspects. In 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Guidelines for the Development of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (2015-2020)", which stated that by 2020, there will be more than 120,000 new centralized charging and swapping stations and more than 480 decentralized charging piles. To meet the charging demand of 5 million electric vehicles nationwide, the planned vehicle-to-pile ratio should be close to 1:1.
Fl-istess ħin, pajjiżna fformula wkoll serje ta’ pjanijiet ta’ żvilupp ibbażati fuq esperjenza barranija rilevanti. Il-pjan juri li sal-2020, id-densità tal-massa tal-moduli tal-batterija se tilħaq aktar minn 300Wh/kg, u l-ispiża titnaqqas għal taħt 1.5 wan/Wh.
Għalkemm il-veloċità tal-iżvilupp tal-batteriji tal-enerġija hija aqwa, fil-fatt, id-domanda totali għall-batteriji tal-enerġija f'pajjiżi fl-2017 tista 'tkun inqas minn 3.5 biljun WH, li juri li s-suq tal-batteriji tal-enerġija se jwassal għal stadju ta' kapaċità żejda fil-futur. Għalhekk, fl-istadju li jmiss, il-gvern Ċiniż jista 'jaġġusta l-istrateġija ta' żvilupp biex jiggwida l-iżvilupp b'saħħtu u kkoordinat tal-industrija tal-batterija tal-enerġija. Kien hemm aħbarijiet fl-industrija li s-sussidji għal vetturi tal-enerġija ġodda daħlu fi stadju ta 'tnaqqis. M'hemm l-ebda dubju li l-industrija tal-batterija tal-enerġija se tkun affettwata wkoll.
Barra minn hekk, mill-perspettiva tal-istruttura tal-industrija, l-aħħar data turi li l-kapaċità installata tal-batteriji tal-litju tal-enerġija fl-ewwel kwart tal-2018 ammontat għal nofs l-era Ningde, li tammonta għal 49.5 fil-mija; it-tieni kien BYD, li jammonta għal 19.8 fil-mija; it-tielet Tliet huma Guoxuan Hi-Tech, li jammontaw għal 8.7 fil-mija. L-aqwa tliet manifatturi jokkupaw il-maġġoranza l-kbira tas-sehem tas-suq, li huwa biżżejjed biex jissuġġerixxi li s-suq tal-batterija tal-enerġija wasal biex iwassal għal fażi ta 'eliminazzjoni u għaqdiet u akkwisti.
However, affected by the cost of new energy materials, the profits of my country's power battery industry are decreasing. Experts predict that the gross profit margin of power battery companies will drop from the current 30 percent to about 20 percent in 2018.
L-appoġġ għall-kostruzzjoni tal-infrastruttura qed ikompli jitjieb, iżda d-domanda ma taqbilx
Bħall-iżvilupp tas-suq tal-batterija tal-enerġija, l-użu mifrux ta 'vetturi tal-enerġija ġodda jeħtieġ il-kostruzzjoni ta' sistema kompluta ta 'provvista tal-enerġija. Fil-preżent, is-sistema tal-provvista tal-enerġija ġiet stabbilita f'pajjiżhom u barra, inklużi żewġ modi: wieħed huwa mod ta' ċċarġjar awto-, u l-ieħor huwa mod ta' skambju ta' enerġija-. Fosthom, il-mod ta' ċċarġjar awto-huwa l-fokus tar-riċerka f'ħafna pajjiżi.
Il-kostruzzjoni ta' munzelli tal-iċċarġjar f'pajjiżna daħlet fil-fast lane, u żdiedet minn 17,900 fl-2012 għal 213,000 fl-2017, li ffurmat ċertu skala u tikklassifika l-ewwel fid-dinja.
Madankollu, tiffaċċja wkoll ċerti problemi fil-proċess ta 'żvilupp, jiġifieri, l-effiċjenza ta' utilizzazzjoni tal-munzell tal-iċċarġjar hija baxxa, it-tqassim tal-faċilitajiet tal-iċċarġjar mhuwiex raġonevoli biżżejjed, u l-mudell ta 'żvilupp ta' negozju sostenibbli għadu ma ġiex iffurmat. Barra minn hekk, f'xi żoni, il-miżata tal-parkeġġ hija aktar għalja mill-miżata tal-iċċarġjar, u l-munzell tal-iċċarġjar huwa okkupat minn vetturi tal-gażolina, li jirriżulta f'esperjenza fqira tal-utent. Barra minn hekk, l-interkonnessjoni bejn il-munzelli tal-iċċarġjar dejjem kienet punt ta 'uġigħ fl-iżvilupp tal-industrija, minħabba li tinvolvi l-applikazzjoni ta' munzelli tal-iċċarġjar mill-utenti, u tista 'wkoll tippermetti lill-intrapriżi joperaw aħjar il-munzelli tal-iċċarġjar. Għalhekk, bi tweġiba għal dan il-punt ta 'uġigħ, ħafna kumpaniji bdew jiddedikaw ruħhom għal dan, iżda ma kisbux riżultati.
But there is no doubt that under the general trend of the development of new energy vehicles, the number of new energy vehicles continues to increase, people's demand for charging facilities will be stronger, and the construction of charging infrastructure will continue to improve in the future; at the same time, the government will also continue to play a role. In the future, with the improvement of Internet plus , Internet of Things, and big data technology, the future charging pile infrastructure will continue to deepen the degree of information openness, and ultimately achieve interconnection.
